Students’ Perceptions of ELT Teachers’ Competence in Promoting 6C Skills: A Scale Development and Validation Study

Hosseini T., Tütüniş B., Ünal K., Köksal Ö., Alkayalar A. A.

Revista on line de Política e Gestão Educacional, cilt.30, sa.1, ss.2-48, 2026 (ESCI)

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 30 Sayı: 1
  • Basım Tarihi: 2026
  • Doi Numarası: 10.22633/rpge
  • Dergi Adı: Revista on line de Política e Gestão Educacional
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI)
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.2-48
  • İstanbul Kültür Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

This study developed and validated a scale to measure students’perceptions of their  teachers’competence  in  implementing  6C  skills:  Critical  Thinking,  Communication, Collaboration,   Creativity,   Citizenship,   and   Character.   Two   separate   student   samples participated in the validation process: 302 students for an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and 319 for a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The students ranged in grade from 5th to 11th in Istanbul secondary schools. Statistical analyses reduced the scale to 37 items organized into six factors  corresponding  to  the  6C  framework.  Results  showed  strongpsychometric  properties. The overall reliability was very high (α = 0.962), and individual factor reliabilities ranged from 0.866  to  0.923.  Confirmatory  factor  analysis  demonstrated  excellent  model  fit  (RMSEA  = 0.040, CFI = 0.959, TLI = 0.955). A second-order model confirmed that the six skills could be combined into one overall 21st-century skills construct.